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what is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?

5/2/2019

 
PictureIntegrated Pest Management
Integrated pest management (IPM), also known as integrated pest control of (IPC) is a broad-based approach that integrates practices for economic control of pests. IPM aims to suppress pest populations below the economic injury level (EIL). The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization defines IPM as "the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations and keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are economically justified and reduce or minimize risks to human health and the environment. IPM emphasizes the growth of a healthy crop with the least possible disruption to agro-ecosystems and encourages natural pest control mechanisms. Entomologists and ecologists have urged the adoption of IPM pest control since the 1970s. IPM allows for safer pest control.

The introduction and spread of invasive species can also be managed with IPM by reducing risks while maximizing benefits and reducing costs.

A well-defined Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a program that should be based on prevention, monitoring, and control which offers the opportunity to eliminate or drastically reduce the use of pesticides, and to minimize the toxicity of and exposure to any products which are used. IPM does this by utilizing a variety of methods and techniques, including cultural, biological and structural strategies to control a multitude of pest problems.

IPM is a term that is used loosely with many different definitions and methods of implementation. IPM can mean virtually anything the practitioner wants it to mean. Beware of chemical dependent programs masquerading as IPM.

Those who argue that IPM requires the ability to spray pesticides immediately after identifying a pest problem are not describing IPM. Conventional pest control tends to ignore the causes of pest infestations and instead rely on routine, scheduled pesticide applications. Pesticides are often temporary fixes, ineffective over the long term.

Non-toxic and least toxic control products are a major growth area and new materials and devices are increasingly available in the marketplace.

IPM is a combination of common sense and scientific principles. It's a way of thinking about pest management that values:

  • Using knowledge about the pest's habits, life cycle, needs and dislikes
  • Using the least toxic methods first, up to and including pesticides
  • Monitoring the pest's activity and adjusting methods over time
  • Tolerating harmless pests, and
  • Setting a threshold to decide when it's time to act

These actions are important parts of any IPM endeavor:

  • Identify the pest in the most specific terms possible
  • Learn about the pest's biology (habits, life cycle, needs and dislikes)
  • Take steps to exclude the pest from the area, if possible
  • Try to remove the pest's food, water and shelter
  • Determine the pest's travel patterns and find their home-base
  • Identify all of your control options (the "tools in the toolbox") before acting

Applications:

IPM is used in agriculture, horticulture, forestry, human habitations, preventive conservation and general pest control, including structural pest management, turf pest management and ornamental pest management.

The Six IPM Program Essentials:

Monitoring: This includes regular site inspections and trapping to determine the types and infestation levels of pests at each site.

Record-Keeping: A record-keeping system is essential to establish trends and patterns in pest outbreaks. Information recorded at every inspection or treatment should include pest identification, population size, distribution, recommendations for future prevention, and complete information on the treatment action.

Action Levels: Pests are virtually never eradicated. An action level is the population size which requires remedial action for human health, economic, or aesthetic reasons.

Prevention: Preventive measures must be incorporated into the existing structures and designs for new structures. Prevention is and should be the primary means of pest control in an IPM program.

Tactics Criteria: Under IPM, chemicals should be used only as a last resort only, but when used, the least-toxic materials should be chosen, and applied to minimize exposure to humans and all non-target organisms.

Evaluation: A regular evaluation program is essential to determine the success of the pest management strategies.

To learn more about IPM: 

Agricultural IPM:
​Agricultural professionals like farmers, fisherman and ranchers have been using IPM techniques for centuries. Crop rotation is one example because it disrupts the life cycle of many pests. In many agricultural settings, the principles of IPM apply. See some IPM methods below.
  • Use knowledge about the pest's habits, life cycle, needs and dislikes.
  • Use the least toxic methods first, up to and including pesticides.
  • Monitor the pests' activity and adjust methods over time.
  • Tolerate harmless pests.
  • Set a economic threshold to decide when it's time to act.
  • Determine if promoting beneficial insects may help prevent or control pests on your crop.
In agriculture, IPM strategies can be large-scale, even nation-wide. Quarantines and import inspections help to exclude pests from counties, states or whole regions. Open communication helps everyone monitor the activity of important pests. Weather information can be used to predict pest activity, as well. 
Garden IPM:
When you have a home garden, you're growing a food supply for pests and people alike. Watch out for pests that can damage your garden including bugs, diseases, animals and weeds. Once you know your pest, these quick tips may be helpful.

Using IPM techniques can reduce the need for pesticides in the long term. To prevent future pest problems, consider taking some proactive steps to pest-proof your garden.
  • Select the right plants for the location; consider their needs for water and sun.
  • Select disease-resistant varieties when certain diseases keep coming back.
  • Water plants at ground level; wet leaves are more susceptible to disease.
  • Remove dead plant material before spring; it can harbor diseases.
  • Consider testing the soil for nutrients and minerals to plan fertilizer needs.
  • Proper care and watering will produce healthier plants, which are better at resisting diseases and tolerating insects.
  • Inspect your plants regularly in order to detect problems early.
  • Determine if promoting beneficial insects may help prevent or control pests in your garden.
  • Consider asking a master gardener for help identifying and managing pests.

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  • HOME
  • COMPANY
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    • TAIWAN TEA >
      • TAIWAN BLACK TEA
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      • TAIWAN FRUIT TEA & OTHER
    • KITCHEN UTENSILS >
      • Tornado Potato Twister Cutter JF-9901
      • Japanese Turning Vegetable Slicer YT-8602
      • Turning Type Vegetable Shredder with Cordless Screw Driver ST-9705
      • Vegetable Mandolin Slicer YT-9104
      • Super Mandolin Slicer (Jumbo) ST-9804
      • Vegetable Peeler Blades (Serrated & Julienne) ST-9701
      • Serrated & Julienne Peelers ST-9308
    • BATHROOM EQUIPMENT >
      • Dry Soap Dish ST-9409
    • NATURE FERTILIZERS >
      • Nature Fertilizer HS-8605
    • NATURAL PESTICIDES >
      • Plant Protectant GU-10801
      • Diatomaceous Earth GU-10802
      • Chitosan GU-10803
      • ORGANIC HERBICIDE GU-10804
    • SOIL CONDITIONER >
      • SOIL CONDITIONER (LINK SOIL) NG-9810
    • OTHER >
      • High Speed Meat Band Saw HY-9906
      • WIRE NETS/ SIEVES / STRAINERS JBS1011103
  • DOWNLOAD
    • KITCHEN UTENSILS
    • NATURE FERTILIZERS >
      • GPL-37
      • Link-ROOT & TG
      • Link-FLORA & TG
      • Link-N.N. & TG
    • NATURAL PESTICIDES >
      • LinkNoPests-PLUS
      • Link-Algae
      • Link-Chitosan
      • LinkNoWeed
      • Link-Bta.
    • SOIL CONDITIONER >
      • LINK-SOIL
    • TAIWAN TEA
  • Contact us
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